Neuro Lab

Binaural Beats, Brain Entrainment Benefits

Beneficial Hormones
Delta waves are associated to Human Growth Hormone (HGH), which is produced by the pituitary gland and may play a role in anti-aging, and is important for day to day regeneration.

DHEA is produced by the adrenal glands. DHEA lessons the stress effect on the body. Reduces the effect of stress related hormones, including cortisol and may play a role in anti-aging and enhances neural connection's and immune function.

Neurological Benefits:
Research is now showing the many benefits of deep relaxation asin meditation. Profound consciousness states that produce & provide healthy balance of beneficial neuro chemicals ~ neurotransmitters, along with providing an overall feeling of wellbeing - creating remarkable positive mental health. Some of the many benefits associated to deeper states are the ability to think clearly, regulate emotions, control mood swings, focus and sustain your attention, increase awareness and manage stress. Research shows a stronger immune system (less sickness) and recorded higher activation in parts of the brain associated with positive mood.

Acetylcholine supports perception and cognition, memory, motivation

Beta-Endorphins opioid peptide neurotransmitter - pain relief

Dopamine regulates muscle control and balance, assists cognition; also linked with pleasurable feelings

Endorphins - Endogenous Morphine, is the body's natural pain reliever

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) induces sleep and relaxation

Melatonin regulate sleep patterns, creates deep restful sleep

Serotonin -5-HT regulates, sleep, appetite, mood & behaviour

Lasting Long-term Benefits

Stress Resilience
Revitalized Energy
Enhance Positive Wellbeing
Balance Brain Hemispheres
Healthy Neuro Chemical Balance
Regain Restorative Sleep patterns
Improved Emotional Balance
Optimistic Mental Health
Increase Self Esteem
Strengthens and Supports the Immune System

Short-term Benefits

Strengthen and Support the Immune System
Improve Focus and Concentration
Pain Relief
Lower stress levels
Lower Blood Pressure
Composed Emotions
Improved Sleep
Access Deep Meditative States
Access Effortless Relaxation
Increased Feelings of Well-being

Brain and Frequencies

The brain is comprised of approximately 10 billion neurons. The neurons communicate with each other by way of electrical impulses. These electrical signals can be seen in the form of brainwaves, A brainwave is measured in cycles per second or hertz. The big 4 brainwaves are Beta, Alpha, Theta and Delta. And, their respective frequencies are 27Hz ~ 13Hz, 13Hz ~ 7Hz, 7Hz ~ 4Hz, 4HZ ~ 0.2Hz. Brainwaves are completely natural to the brain, EEGs show that brainwave states naturally occur from both internal and external stimulus. For example, when eyes are closed more Alpha activity occurs, when in a deep sleep there is a natural occurrence of the Delta frequency.

Sonic Brainwave Entrainment - Neural Synchronization How It Works
Binaural Beats

The methodology behind Sonic Brainwave Entrainment is using sound specifically to synchronize brainwaves with a particular frequency. Binaural beats are precise frequencies and when listened to through headphones, guides the brain into the desired frequency such as relaxation or deep meditation.

Binaural beats are created when two auditory pulses (sounds), which have a slightly different frequency, are presented to each ear with the use of headphones, the brain then tunes into a rhythmic phantom beat which is not audible. For example, the left headphone plays a tone of 500 Hz , the right plays a tone of 510 Hz. By combining them both together the brain will perceive the difference which is a tone or rather a standing wave of 10 Hz. It is this phantom beat which is the binaural or auditory beat. The brain becomes entrained to the frequency which is the difference between the two tones. This phenomenon is known as the Frequency-Following Response or (FFR). The superior olivary nucleus, or put simply the brain stem, processes the Frequency Following Response. The nuclei receive the signals from the ears, the information is processed and then sent onto the reticular formation which uses neurotransmitters and initiates changes in the cortex and thalamus. Brainwave activity is changed to the desired beneficial frequency. Brainwave synchronization by means of binaural beats synchronizes both hemispheres of the brain.

Binaural beats will entrain the left and right hemispheres to the same frequency. It is when the two hemispheres work jointly to calculate the binaural beats, that the brain creates more balanced brainwaves or rather balanced brainwave activity. This is termed 'whole brain functioning' also known as 'hemispheric synchronization'. This helps in not only maintaining brain plasticity, but rather in keeping the connections between the regions of the brain active.

By stimulating the brain with specific frequencies, there is an increase in cerebral blood flow along with the production of neurotransmitters, new and constructive neural pathways are formed as there is a growth of dendrites.

Delta brain wave frequencies (4HZ ~ 0.2Hz) of brainwave activity is most commonly associated with the sleep state as well as dreaming. Delta waves will trigger the release of growth hormone, which is important for regeneration and healing.

The Theta brainwave frequencies (7Hz ~ 4Hz) of brainwave activity, generally are associated with deep meditation as well as deep relaxation. It is also linked with increased memory, learning and burst of creative insight.

Alpha frequencies brainwave (7-13 Hz.) are more commonly associated with light relaxation, meditation, along with super learning.

The Beta brain wave frequency of brainwave activity (27Hz ~ 13Hz) in general is associated to the normal everyday awake state of alertness.

Gamma brainwave frequencies (Higher than > 27Hz) in general has been associated to tension and anxiety, physical demanding tasks and hyperactivity.

Benefits of Binaural Beats & Brainwave Entrainment

Reduce Stress Levels
Strengthen and Support the Immune System
Enhance Creative Flow
Enter Peak Experiences
Enhance Positive Wellbeing
Access Deep Meditative States
Heightened Perception/Intuition
Produce Whole Brain Synchronization
Improve Focus and Concentration
Improve Creativity
Improve Memory
Improve Learning
Self Awareness
Inner Peace
Improve Sleep

The chart below shows an overview of brain frequencies and consciousness levels of the brain.

Brain Wave Frequency Chart
Conscious state of mind	GAMMA Higher then > 27Hz	Hyper Physical State Anxiety, Hyperactivity, Tension and Physical demanding tasks.
Conscious state of mind	BETA 27Hz ~ 13Hz	Normal Physical State Active thought logic problem solving state such as math.
Altered state of consciousness	ALPHA 13Hz ~ 7Hz	Relaxation State Relaxing but alert. Thinking quietly while eyes are closed. Drowsiness ~ Pre sleep and waking up
	THETA 7Hz ~ 4Hz	Deep Relaxation State As one experiences while falling to sleep or just waking up. While sleeping dreaming (REM), Meditation state of extended consciousness.
	DELTA 4HZ ~ 0.2Hz	Deep Sleep State This state stimulates hormone production strengthens the immune system & heals the body.

Pulsed sound within the structure of musical rhythms has been entraining people's brains for many thousands of years.

Since ancient time's, shamans and holy men alike have been entraining and influencing their brains, by methods using mantras or music, such as drum beats. By repetitively using the same sound, brain rhythms synchronize. Brain entraining has been used in tribal rituals to induce meditation/relaxation like states, by methods of drums beats. What happens is the brain entrains with the frequency of the drum beat. Altering natural brainwave frequencies has been practiced for thousand of years, ancient cultures used chanting, drum beats or staring at fire to entrain their brains.

Research

Atwater, F. H. (1997). Inducing Altered States of Consciousness with Binaural Beat Technology Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on New Science, pp. 11-15, International Association for New Science

Budzynski, Thomas, (1977). "Tuning in on the Twilight Zone". Psychology Today.

Campbell D, (1996 Aug). Exercising Your Brain for Peak Performance: Total Health, , Vol. 18, Issue 4, 34.

Chatrian G. E, Petersen M. C, Lazarte J. A. : (1960 May). Responses to clicks from the human brain some depth electrographic observations. Electroencephalogry Clinical Neurophysiol.;12:479-89

Cox, R.H., Shealy, N., Cady, R.K. & Liss, S. (1996). Pain Reduction. The Journal of Neurological and Orthopaedic Medicine & Surgery, 17(1), 32-34..

Green, Elmer and Alyce, (1977). Beyond Biofeedback. New York, Delacourt..

James D. LANE, Stefan J. KASIAN, Justine E. OWENS AND Gail R. MARSH. (1998). Binaural Auditory Beats Affect Vigilance Performance and Mood, Physiology & Behavior, Vol. 63, No. 2, pp. 249-252.

Kliempt, P., Ruta, D., Ogston, S., Landeck, A. and Martay, K., (1999). Hemispheric-synchronisation during anaesthesia: a double-blind randomised trial using audiotapes for intra-operative nociception control. Anaesthesia. 54, 769-773

Le Scouarnec RP, Poirier RM, Owens JE, Gauthier J, Taylor AG, Foresman PA. (2001). Use of binaural beat tapes for treatment of anxiety: a pilot study of tape preference and outcomes. Altern Ther Health Med. Jan;7(1):58-63

Oster, Gerald. (1973). Auditory beats in the brain. Scientific American, 229, 94-103.

Padmanabhan R, Hildreth AJ, Laws D. (2005). A prospective, randomised, controlled study examining binaural beat audio and pre-operative anxiety in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for day case surgery. Anaesthesia. Sep; 60(9):874-7.

Rider, Mark (1985). Entrainment Mechanisms Involved in Pain Reduction, Muscle Relaxation, and Music-Mediated Imagery. Journal of Music Therapy 22: 183-192. 30628006036534

Additional

Goldberg, J. (1987). Music as medicine - use in pain treatment. McCall's, 114. 105

Huang ST, Good M, Zauszniewski JA. (2010).The effectiveness of music in relieving pain in cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 47(11):1354-1362

Richard J. Davidson, PhD, Jon Kabat-Zinn, PhD, Jessica Schumacher, MS, Melissa Rosenkranz, BA, Daniel Muller, MD, PhD, Saki F. Santorelli, EdD, Ferris Urbanowski, MA, Anne Harrington, PhD, Katherine Bonus, MA and John F. Sheridan, PhD (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine 65:564-570

Sampson L. (1984). Conquering Pain. New York: Arco Publishers

Saxby E, Peniston EG (1995). "Alpha-theta brainwave neurofeedback training: an effective treatment for male and female alcoholics with depressive symptoms". Journal of clinical psychology 51 (5): 685-93.

Scartelli, J. (1984). The Effect of the EMG Biofeedback and Sedative Music Only on Frontalis Muscle Relaxation Ability. The Journal of Music Therapy 21: 67-78. 306280006036526.

Shaji A. V., Kulkarni S. K (1998). Central nervous system depressant activities of melatonin in rats and mice. Indian J Exp Biol; 36: 257-263.

Winkelman, Michael (2001). Alternative and traditional medicine approaches for substance abuse programs: a shamanic perspective International Journal of Drug Policy 1 October (Vol. 12, Issue 4, Pages 337-351)

Herbert Benson, M.D. (Founder of the Mind/Body Medical Institute). Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard and a leading authority on the "Relaxation Response". Showed that meditation normalizes blood pressure, pulse rate, and also, it elicits changes in brain wave patterns, there is less excitability. Meditation may also improve the white blood cell response (immune) and hormone response.

Do not drive a vehicle or operate machinery or do any activity that requires alertness, while listening to meditation CD's or recordings that contain binaural beats. Not recommended for epileptics or anyone who is susceptible to seizures. Do not use if you have any other medical/mental conditions that may be affected by brain stimulation.

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